Nepal, Malla dynasty, kingdom of Bhatgaon (Bhaktapur), 1 Mohar – NS 842 / 1722

Description

The kingdom of Bhaktapur, also known as Bhatgaon, was one of the three old kingdoms in the Katmandu Valley region in Nepal. Bhaktapur was founded in the twelfth century and became an important cultural, religious and commercial center. During its peak, the kingdom of Bhaktapur was known for its splendid architecture, its intricate temples and its fine crafts. The city of Bhaktapur developed as a learning center and a prosperous commercial city. In addition, it became an important center of the artistic and architectural tradition of Newar culture. The kingdom prospered under the government of the Malla dynasty, which ruled Bhaktapur from the thirteen century to the 18th century. The Malla kings carried out a series of improvements in the city, building monuments, palaces and squares. Bhaktapur became an important city-state and played a prominent role in the Katmandu Valley region. However, the kingdom of Bhaktapur also faced challenges. During the medieval period, the kingdoms of Bhaktapur, Katmandú and Patan, known as the “three kingdoms of Nepal”, were often in conflict and fought for control and supremacy in the region. In the 18th century, the Katmandu Valley kingdoms were conquered by King Pithvi Narayan Shah de Gorkha, unifying Nepal under a single government. As a result, the kingdom of Bhaktapur lost its political independence and became part of the kingdom of Nepal. Despite the loss of its political autonomy, Bhaktapur retained its cultural and artistic importance. Its historical monuments and temples remain popular tourist attractions and the city has been declared a World Heritage by UNESCO.